Final answer:
Alan Turing was a renowned English computer scientist and mathematician who made significant contributions to theoretical computer science and artificial intelligence, including the introduction of the Turing machine. His codebreaking work during World War II had a substantial impact in shortening the war and saving lives.
Explanation:
Alan Turing: Biography and Impact
Alan Turing was an influential English computer scientist and mathematician known for his work in theoretical computer science and artificial intelligence. In 1936, he introduced the concept of the Turing machine, laying the foundation for modern computers. During World War II, Turing's codebreaking efforts at Bletchley Park played a crucial role in shortening the war and saving millions of lives.
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