Penitentiaries were created to reform prisoners through work and reflection on their actions, focusing on reformation and self-defense rather than revenge.
Penitentiaries were designed as places for prisoners to work and reflect on their misdeeds, aiming to reform them into law-abiding citizens through hard work, religious instruction, and isolation from social vices. This concept was influenced by the idea that imprisonment should focus on self-defense and reformation rather than revenge or mere containment of criminals.
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