Answer :
Final answer:
Diffusion is vital in pharmaceutical science, influencing drug absorption and distribution. The Diffusion Layer Model and Danckwert's Model explain drug dissolution processes. Radiopharmaceuticals like Technetium-99m and Iodine-131 emit specific radiation types for diagnosis and treatment purposes.
Explanation:
Pharmaceutical Importance of Diffusion:
Diffusion plays a crucial role in pharmaceutical science by allowing drugs to move across membranes, aiding their absorption, distribution, and elimination in the body.
Diffusion Layer Model:
The Diffusion Layer Model/Film Theory states that a stagnant layer surrounds a drug particle, affecting its dissolution and subsequent absorption into the body.
Danckwert's Model:
Danckwerts Model/Penetration Theory explains how the rate of drug dissolution depends on the drug's surface area and the concentration gradient at the drug-solution interface.
Radiopharmaceutical Preparation:
- Technetium-99m: emits gamma radiation used in imaging to diagnose medical conditions.
- Iodine-131: emits beta particles and gamma radiation for treating thyroid conditions.
- Gallium-67: emits gamma radiation used to detect infection and tumors.
- Fluorine-18: emits positrons used in PET scans to visualize metabolic activity.
- Carbon-14: emits beta radiation and is used in metabolic studies and tracing.
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