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2) A small amount of hydrochloric acid is heated in a test tube, and a rod dipped in ammonia solution is brought to the top of the tube.

i. State your observation with reason.
ii. Give the equation for the reaction.



Answer :

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Final answer:

When heating hydrochloric acid in a test tube and exposing it to ammonia, solid ammonium chloride forms, observed as white smoke, with the balanced chemical equation being NH3(g) + HCl(g) → NH4Cl(s).


Explanation:

i. Observation: When a rod dipped in ammonia solution is brought near the top of a test tube containing heated hydrochloric acid, white smoke or a white fog is observed at the point where the gases meet due to the formation of solid ammonium chloride. This white fog then coats the inside of the tube.

ii. Equation: The reaction between hydrochloric acid (HCl) and ammonia (NH3) forms ammonium chloride (NH4Cl). The balanced equation for this reaction is: NH3(g) + HCl(g) → NH4Cl(s).


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