The Sand Creek Massacre in 1864 was a brutal attack by U.S. soldiers on a peaceful Native American encampment, leading to reforms in American Indian policies and subsequent conflicts in the late 19th century.
The Sand Creek Massacre occurred in November 1864 when U.S. soldiers attacked a peaceful Native encampment, resulting in the death of 133 people, predominantly women and children. This event was a significant war crime that led to further conflicts and eventually efforts to reform American Indian policies.
Following the massacre, Congress initiated the creation of an Indian Peace Commission in 1868 and later formed the Board of Indian Commissioners to oversee Indian affairs with a focus on Christianizing American Indian policy. These actions aimed at preventing violence and assimilating Native Americans.
Subsequently, conflicts with the Plains Indians continued, culminating in the Battle of Little Bighorn in 1876 and the tragic Wounded Knee massacre in 1890, where around 150 Sioux men, women, and children lost their lives.
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