Answer :
Let's match each changed nucleotide sequence to the type of mutation that caused the change. Given the original sequence [tex]\( \text{CATTCACACG} \)[/tex], we need to identify the following types of mutations: deletion, insertion, inversion, duplication, and substitution.
### Type of Mutations:
1. Deletion: A mutation where one or more nucleotides are removed from the sequence.
2. Insertion: A mutation where one or more nucleotides are added into the sequence.
3. Inversion: A mutation where a section of the nucleotide sequence is reversed.
4. Duplication: A mutation where a section of the nucleotide sequence is duplicated.
5. Substitution: A mutation where one or more nucleotides are replaced with different nucleotides.
### Given Changed Nucleotide Sequences:
1. CATTCACACA
2. CATTCACACCACG
3. CATTTCACACG
4. CATTCACG
5. CATTGCACAC
Now, let's match each sequence with the mutation type:
#### 1. CATTCACACA
- Compared with the original sequence [tex]\( \text{CATTCACACG} \)[/tex], the last nucleotide "G" is missing.
- This indicates a deletion mutation.
#### 2. CATTCACACCACG
- This sequence has an additional "CACG" at the end compared to the original sequence [tex]\( \text{CATTCACACG} \)[/tex].
- This indicates an insertion mutation.
#### 3. CATTTCACACG
- This sequence has a "T" nucleotide substituted in place of the fourth nucleotide.
- This indicates a substitution mutation.
#### 4. CATTCACG
- This sequence is shorter by three nucleotides compared to the original sequence [tex]\( \text{CATTCACACG} \)[/tex].
- However, this type of change does not specifically match to any unique type of duplication or other types defined mutation but it best fits deletion mutation due to similarity in characteristic as missing nucleotide.
#### 5. CATTGCACAC
- Compared to the original sequence [tex]\( \text{CATTCACACG} \)[/tex], the sequence "CACACG" has been changed to "GCACAC".
- This indicates an inversion mutation.
### Summary table:
[tex]\[ \begin{array}{|c|l|l|} \hline \text{Type of Mutation} & \text{Original Nucleotide Sequence} & \text{Changed Nucleotide Sequence} \\ \hline \text{deletion} & \text{CATTCACACG} & \text{CATTCACG} \\ \hline \text{insertion} & \text{CATTCACACG} & \text{CATTCACACCACG} \\ \hline \text{inversion} & \text{CATTCACACG} & \text{CATTGCACAC} \\ \hline \text{duplication} & \text{CATTCACACG} & \text{} \\ \hline \text{substitution} & \text{CATTCACACG} & \text{CATTTCACACG} \\ \hline \end{array} \][/tex]
So, the matched table is:
[tex]\[ \begin{array}{|c|l|l|} \hline \text{Type of Mutation} & \text{Original Nucleotide Sequence} & \text{Changed Nucleotide Sequence} \\ \hline \text{deletion} & \text{CATTCACACG} & \text{CATTCACACA} \\ \hline \text{insertion} & \text{CATTCACACG} & \text{CATTCACACCACG} \\ \hline \text{inversion} & \text{CATTCACACG} & \text{CATTGCACAC} \\ \hline \text{duplication} & \text{CATTCACACG} & \text{} \\ \hline \text{substitution} & \text{CATTCACACG} & \text{CATTTCACACG} \\ \hline \end{array} \][/tex]
Note: Based on the information provided, there is no exact sequence fitting the duplication mutation mentioned earlier - could be a misunderstanding when evaluated characteristically.
### Type of Mutations:
1. Deletion: A mutation where one or more nucleotides are removed from the sequence.
2. Insertion: A mutation where one or more nucleotides are added into the sequence.
3. Inversion: A mutation where a section of the nucleotide sequence is reversed.
4. Duplication: A mutation where a section of the nucleotide sequence is duplicated.
5. Substitution: A mutation where one or more nucleotides are replaced with different nucleotides.
### Given Changed Nucleotide Sequences:
1. CATTCACACA
2. CATTCACACCACG
3. CATTTCACACG
4. CATTCACG
5. CATTGCACAC
Now, let's match each sequence with the mutation type:
#### 1. CATTCACACA
- Compared with the original sequence [tex]\( \text{CATTCACACG} \)[/tex], the last nucleotide "G" is missing.
- This indicates a deletion mutation.
#### 2. CATTCACACCACG
- This sequence has an additional "CACG" at the end compared to the original sequence [tex]\( \text{CATTCACACG} \)[/tex].
- This indicates an insertion mutation.
#### 3. CATTTCACACG
- This sequence has a "T" nucleotide substituted in place of the fourth nucleotide.
- This indicates a substitution mutation.
#### 4. CATTCACG
- This sequence is shorter by three nucleotides compared to the original sequence [tex]\( \text{CATTCACACG} \)[/tex].
- However, this type of change does not specifically match to any unique type of duplication or other types defined mutation but it best fits deletion mutation due to similarity in characteristic as missing nucleotide.
#### 5. CATTGCACAC
- Compared to the original sequence [tex]\( \text{CATTCACACG} \)[/tex], the sequence "CACACG" has been changed to "GCACAC".
- This indicates an inversion mutation.
### Summary table:
[tex]\[ \begin{array}{|c|l|l|} \hline \text{Type of Mutation} & \text{Original Nucleotide Sequence} & \text{Changed Nucleotide Sequence} \\ \hline \text{deletion} & \text{CATTCACACG} & \text{CATTCACG} \\ \hline \text{insertion} & \text{CATTCACACG} & \text{CATTCACACCACG} \\ \hline \text{inversion} & \text{CATTCACACG} & \text{CATTGCACAC} \\ \hline \text{duplication} & \text{CATTCACACG} & \text{} \\ \hline \text{substitution} & \text{CATTCACACG} & \text{CATTTCACACG} \\ \hline \end{array} \][/tex]
So, the matched table is:
[tex]\[ \begin{array}{|c|l|l|} \hline \text{Type of Mutation} & \text{Original Nucleotide Sequence} & \text{Changed Nucleotide Sequence} \\ \hline \text{deletion} & \text{CATTCACACG} & \text{CATTCACACA} \\ \hline \text{insertion} & \text{CATTCACACG} & \text{CATTCACACCACG} \\ \hline \text{inversion} & \text{CATTCACACG} & \text{CATTGCACAC} \\ \hline \text{duplication} & \text{CATTCACACG} & \text{} \\ \hline \text{substitution} & \text{CATTCACACG} & \text{CATTTCACACG} \\ \hline \end{array} \][/tex]
Note: Based on the information provided, there is no exact sequence fitting the duplication mutation mentioned earlier - could be a misunderstanding when evaluated characteristically.
