Let's start by matching each changed nucleotide sequence to its corresponding type of mutation. The original nucleotide sequence is "CATTCACACG". The sequences that we're investigating are:
1. CATTCACACA
2. CATTCACACCACG
3. CATTTCACACG
4. CATTCACG
5. CATTECACAC
We are looking for specific types of mutations: deletion, insertion, inversion, duplication, and substitution.
1. CATTCACACA
This sequence is shorter than the original by one nucleotide. This indicates a deletion mutation. Therefore:
[tex]\[
\text{deletion} \quad \text{CATTCACACG} \quad \rightarrow \quad \text{CATTCACACA}
\][/tex]
2. CATTCACACCACG
This sequence is longer than the original, and it appears that additional nucleotides have been inserted. This indicates an insertion mutation. Therefore:
[tex]\[
\text{insertion} \quad \text{CATTCACACG} \quad \rightarrow \quad \text{CATTCACACCACG}
\][/tex]
3. CATTTCACACG
This sequence has the same length as the original but has one nucleotide difference (A instead of T in the 4th position). This signifies a substitution mutation. Therefore:
[tex]\[
\text{substitution} \quad \text{CATTCACACG} \quad \rightarrow \quad \text{CATTTCACACG}
\][/tex]
4. CATTCACG
This sequence is shorter than the original, missing several nucleotides. This indicates another deletion mutation. Therefore:
[tex]\[
\text{deletion} \quad \text{CATTCACACG} \quad \rightarrow \quad \text{CATTCACG}
\][/tex]
5. CATTECACAC
This sequence has the same length as the original but includes a different nucleotide (E instead of A in the 6th position). This also signifies a substitution mutation. Therefore:
[tex]\[
\text{substitution} \quad \text{CATTCACACG} \quad \rightarrow \quad \text{CATTECACAC}
\][/tex]
Given the results, we can now match the sequences to their types of mutations:
[tex]\[
\begin{tabular}{|c|l|l|}
\hline
\text{Type of Mutation} & \text{Original Nucleotide Sequence} & \text{Changed Nucleotide Sequence} \\
\hline
\text{deletion} & \text{CATTCACACG} & \text{CATTCACACA} (\text{or} \text{CATTCACG}) \\
\text{insertion} & \text{CATTCACACG} & \text{CATTCACACCACG} \\
\text{inversion} & \text{CATTCACACG} & \text{None (No inversion detected)} \\
\text{duplication} & \text{CATTCACACG} & \text{None (No duplication detected)} \\
\text{substitution} & \text{CATTCACACG} & \text{CATTTCACACG or CATTECACAC} \\
\hline
\end{tabular}
\][/tex]
Note: The sequences with mutations are listed as identified; in actual practice, further context might be required to pinpoint which sequence results from each specific mutation type.
