To prepare the given salts using acid-base reactions, we need to identify the corresponding acids and bases that react to form each salt. Here are the detailed, step-by-step balanced chemical equations for each preparation:
1. Preparation of Potassium Nitrate (KNO₃):
- Acid: Nitric Acid (HNO₃)
- Base: Potassium Hydroxide (KOH)
The balanced chemical equation for the reaction is:
[tex]\[
\text{HNO}_3 + \text{KOH} \rightarrow \text{KNO}_3 + \text{H}_2\text{O}
\][/tex]
This equation shows that one molecule of nitric acid reacts with one molecule of potassium hydroxide to produce one molecule of potassium nitrate and one molecule of water.
2. Preparation of Sodium Bromide (NaBr):
- Acid: Hydrobromic Acid (HBr)
- Base: Sodium Hydroxide (NaOH)
The balanced chemical equation for the reaction is:
[tex]\[
\text{HBr} + \text{NaOH} \rightarrow \text{NaBr} + \text{H}_2\text{O}
\][/tex]
Here, one molecule of hydrobromic acid reacts with one molecule of sodium hydroxide to produce one molecule of sodium bromide and one molecule of water.
3. Preparation of Calcium Sulfide (CaS):
- Acid: Hydrosulfuric Acid (H₂S)
- Base: Calcium Hydroxide (Ca(OH)₂)
The balanced chemical equation for the reaction is:
[tex]\[
\text{H}_2\text{S} + \text{Ca(OH)}_2 \rightarrow \text{CaS} + 2\text{H}_2\text{O}
\][/tex]
In this equation, one molecule of hydrosulfuric acid reacts with one molecule of calcium hydroxide to produce one molecule of calcium sulfide and two molecules of water.
These reactions illustrate how you can prepare potassium nitrate (KNO₃), sodium bromide (NaBr), and calcium sulfide (CaS) using their respective acids and bases in acid-base reactions. Each equation is balanced to show that the number of atoms of each element is conserved on both sides of the reaction.
