Final answer:
Heating bromine gas in a container causes a transition from liquid to gas state, increasing the number of gaseous bromine particles until equilibrium is established.
Explanation:
When bromine gas is heated in a container over a flame, the particles undergo a phase transition from a liquid to a gas state. As the temperature increases, more bromine particles gain sufficient energy to break free from the liquid state, resulting in an increase in the number of gaseous bromine particles. The process continues until equilibrium is reached between the rate of vaporization and condensation. This phenomenon can be observed in Figure 13.4.
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