Final answer:
The movement Colónida challenges academicism in art through primitivism and cubism, revolutionizing traditional styles.
Explanation:
The movement Colónida mentioned in the question opposes academicism. In the context of literary movements, primitivism and cubism were artistic movements that challenged traditional academic styles.
For example, cubism in art revolutionized the representation of forms by breaking them down into geometric shapes, challenging the academic norms prevalent at the time. Similarly, primitivism borrowed visual forms from non-Western cultures, disrupting the established academic traditions in art.
Therefore, the correct answer to the question would be d) renacimiento as it refers to the Renaissance, an era marked by a resurgence of classical learning and artistic achievement, contrasting the avant-garde movements that rebelled against academic conventions.
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