In mathematics and historical contexts, which of the following statements best describes Arabic numerals?
A) Arabic numerals are a set of symbols used in ancient Rome for mathematical calculations and are based on a system of letters.
B) Arabic numerals are the ten symbols (0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9) that originated in India and were later transmitted to the Western world through Arabic scholars, forming the basis of the modern decimal number system.
C) Arabic numerals are characters used in the traditional Chinese numeral system and are primarily used for accounting purposes.
D) Arabic numerals are symbols from ancient Greek mathematics used for geometric measurements and constructions.