Final answer:
Bacteria have both positive (nutrient recycling, food production) and negative (disease transmission, food spoilage) effects.
Explanation:
Positive effects of bacteria:
- Bacteria play a crucial role in the decomposition of organic matter, contributing to nutrient recycling in ecosystems.
- Some bacteria are used in food production processes like yogurt and cheese, aiding in digestion and providing essential nutrients.
Negative effects of bacteria:
- Pathogenic bacteria can cause various diseases in humans such as cholera, tuberculosis, and food poisoning.
- Bacteria can also spoil food by breaking down proteins and lipids, leading to food spoilage and waste.
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