Final answer:
Case management and utilization review are effective strategies in controlling healthcare costs by optimizing resource usage and promoting preventive care.
Explanation:
Case management (utilization management) has been effective in controlling costs within healthcare by ensuring efficient allocation of resources and promoting preventive care. It involves utilization review to analyze patient care services and make informed decisions to optimize quality and cost-effectiveness.
Integrated care models, emphasizing coordination among healthcare professionals, have shown significant cost savings by preventing unnecessary hospital visits and improving patient outcomes.
Managed care programs aim to balance cost containment with providing necessary care, with ongoing debates on the degree of restrictions needed to manage costs.
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