Final answer:
The efficiency of a geothermal plant is calculated using the equation Efficiency = 1 - (Tc / Th). By achieving 60% of the theoretical maximum efficiency, the depth a geothermal plant would need to drill can be determined based on the given thermal gradient.
Explanation:
The efficiency of a geothermal plant is determined by the equation:
Efficiency = 1 - (Tc / Th)
where Tc is the temperature of the cold reservoir and Th is the temperature of the hot reservoir. If a geothermal plant can achieve 60% of the theoretical maximum efficiency and the thermal gradient is given, you can calculate the depth it would need to drill to match the efficiency of a fossil fuel power plant.
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