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c. Explain the steps of energy conversion in a hydropower plant. (2 marks)

d. Explain how the hydraulic head directly affects power generation in a hydropower plant. (2 marks)

e. Deduce an equation to calculate the power using Bernoulli's theorem. (2 marks)



Answer :

GinnyAnswer

Final answer:

Hydropower plants convert water's potential energy to electric energy through defined steps, where hydraulic head impacts power generation directly. Bernoulli's theorem helps calculate power based on water density, flow rate, and height differences.


Explanation:

Hydropower plants convert the gravitational potential energy of water into electric energy through the following steps:

  1. Water flows from a high elevation source into the plant.
  2. The flowing water spins turbines connected to generators.
  3. The generators convert the mechanical energy into electrical energy.

The hydraulic head, which is the height difference between the water source and the turbines, directly affects power generation. A higher hydraulic head results in increased potential energy and thus more power output.

To calculate the power using Bernoulli's theorem, you can use the equation:
Power = Density x g x Q x (H1 - H2), where Density is the water density, g is the acceleration due to gravity, Q is the flow rate, and H1 and H2 are the heights of the water at different points.


Learn more about Hydropower plants and energy conversion here:

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