To determine which of the reactions is a combustion reaction, we need to understand what characterizes a combustion reaction. Combustion reactions typically involve a hydrocarbon reacting with oxygen to produce carbon dioxide and water.
Let's analyze the given options one by one:
Option A:
[tex]\[ \text{MgSO}_4 + \text{Ba} \rightarrow \text{BaSO}_4 + \text{Mg} \][/tex]
This is an example of a single displacement reaction, where barium (Ba) displaces magnesium (Mg) from magnesium sulfate (MgSO₄) to form barium sulfate (BaSO₄) and magnesium (Mg). This is not a combustion reaction.
Option B:
[tex]\[ \text{CO}_2 + \text{H}_2 \text{O} \rightarrow \text{H}_2 \text{CO}_3 \][/tex]
This reaction involves the formation of carbonic acid (H₂CO₃) from carbon dioxide (CO₂) and water (H₂O). This is an example of a synthesis reaction, not a combustion reaction.
Option C:
[tex]\[ \text{NaOH} + \text{HCl} \rightarrow \text{NaCl} + \text{H}_2 \text{O} \][/tex]
This is a neutralization reaction, where sodium hydroxide (NaOH) reacts with hydrochloric acid (HCl) to form sodium chloride (NaCl) and water (H₂O). This is not a combustion reaction.
Option D:
[tex]\[ \text{C}_3 \text{H}_8 + 5 \text{O}_2 \rightarrow 3 \text{CO}_2 + 4 \text{H}_2 \text{O} \][/tex]
This reaction involves propane (C₃H₈) reacting with oxygen (O₂) to produce carbon dioxide (CO₂) and water (H₂O). This is a classic example of a combustion reaction, as it involves a hydrocarbon reacting with oxygen to produce carbon dioxide and water.
After analyzing each option, we conclude that the combustion reaction is:
Option D:
[tex]\[ \text{C}_3 \text{H}_8 + 5 \text{O}_2 \rightarrow 3 \text{CO}_2 + 4 \text{H}_2 \text{O} \][/tex]
This matches the criteria for a combustion reaction.
