Final answer:
Substance abuse involves significant impairment due to recurrent alcohol or drug use, while substance use refers to the act of using substances without implying impairment.
Explanation:
Substance abuse refers to the recurrent use of alcohol or drugs that leads to significant impairment, characterized by impaired control, risky use, social impairment, and meeting specific criteria. On the other hand, substance use simply implies the act of using substances like alcohol or drugs, without the implication of significant impairment.
The American Psychological Association (APA) and the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-5) provide guidelines for diagnosing substance use disorders, which include addictive patterns of drug use with adverse consequences.
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