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Which of the following scenarios leads to Hemolytic Disease of the Newborn?

I. An Rh- mother gives birth to an Rh+ newborn and creates Rh antibodies that attack the red blood cells of this Rh+ newborn.

II. An Rh- mother gives birth to an Rh+ newborn and creates Rh antibodies that attack the red blood cells of an Rh- newborn in a second pregnancy.

III. An Rh- mother gives birth to an Rh+ newborn and creates Rh antibodies that attack the red blood cells of an Rh+ newborn in a second pregnancy.

IV. An Rh+ mother gives birth to an Rh- newborn and creates Rh antibodies that attack the red blood cells of an Rh+ newborn in a second pregnancy.



Answer :

Final answer:

Hemolytic Disease of the Newborn (HDN) results from Rh factor incompatibility between the mother and fetus, causing anti-Rh IgG antibodies to attack the red blood cells of subsequent Rh-positive fetuses.


Explanation:

Hemolytic Disease of the Newborn (HDN), also known as erythroblastosis fetalis, occurs when an Rh-negative mother carries an Rh-positive fetus, leading to the production of anti-Rh IgG antibodies that can cross the placenta and attack the red blood cells of subsequent Rh-positive fetuses, causing anemia. This condition is a result of Rh factor incompatibility between the mother and the fetus, leading to a type II hypersensitivity reaction that can be severe and even fatal.


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