Let's examine the table that shows the specific heats of various materials:
\begin{tabular}{|c|c|}
\hline Material & \begin{tabular}{c}
Specific Heat \\
[tex]$\left( J / g ^{\circ} C \right)$[/tex]
\end{tabular} \\
\hline aluminum & 0.90 \\
\hline iron & 0.44 \\
\hline lead & 0.16 \\
\hline sand & 0.83 \\
\hline steel & 0.49 \\
\hline wood & 1.80 \\
\hline water & 4.18 \\
\hline
\end{tabular}
We'll answer each question one by one:
1. Which material has the highest specific heat?
To identify the material with the highest specific heat, we compare the specific heats given in the table. Here are the specific heats for each material:
- Aluminum: 0.90 J/g°C
- Iron: 0.44 J/g°C
- Lead: 0.16 J/g°C
- Sand: 0.83 J/g°C
- Steel: 0.49 J/g°C
- Wood: 1.80 J/g°C
- Water: 4.18 J/g°C
By comparison, the material with the highest specific heat is water with a specific heat of 4.18 J/g°C.
2. Which material has the lowest specific heat?
To determine the material with the lowest specific heat, we look for the smallest value in the provided table. Here are the specific heats again:
- Aluminum: 0.90 J/g°C
- Iron: 0.44 J/g°C
- Lead: 0.16 J/g°C
- Sand: 0.83 J/g°C
- Steel: 0.49 J/g°C
- Wood: 1.80 J/g°C
- Water: 4.18 J/g°C
The material with the lowest specific heat is lead with a specific heat of 0.16 J/g°C.
3. Which material has the ability to absorb twice as much heat as aluminum when placed in the same environment of mass and temperature?
First, we need to find twice the specific heat of aluminum. The specific heat of aluminum is 0.90 J/g°C. Calculating twice this value:
[tex]\[ 0.90 \times 2 = 1.80 \, \text{J/g°C} \][/tex]
Now, we check the table to find the material with a specific heat of 1.80 J/g°C.
Reviewing the table again:
- Aluminum: 0.90 J/g°C
- Iron: 0.44 J/g°C
- Lead: 0.16 J/g°C
- Sand: 0.83 J/g°C
- Steel: 0.49 J/g°C
- Wood: 1.80 J/g°C
- Water: 4.18 J/g°C
The material with a specific heat of 1.80 J/g°C is wood.
Summary of answers:
1. The material with the highest specific heat is water.
2. The material with the lowest specific heat is lead.
3. The material that has the ability to absorb twice as much heat as aluminum when placed in the same environment of mass and temperature is wood.
