Johanna, as a preschool student exhibiting bossy behavior, is likely in the preschool stage of Erikson's initiative vs. guilt, focusing on developing self-confidence and purpose.
According to Erik Erikson's psychosocial stages of development, the behavior exhibited by Johanna, a preschool student, of bossing others around to assert power and control aligns with the preschool stage of initiative vs. guilt. In this stage (ages 3-6 years), children are capable of initiating activities and asserting control over their world through social interactions and play. Preschool children must learn to plan and achieve goals while interacting with others to develop self-confidence and a sense of purpose.
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