Final answer:
The Establishment Clause and Free Exercise Clause of the First Amendment ensure the separation of church and state, prohibiting government endorsement of a state-sponsored religion and regulating religious beliefs and practices.
Explanation:
Establishment Clause in the First Amendment prohibits the government from endorsing a state-sponsored religion, ensuring the separation of church and state. It restricts Congress from favoring specific religious beliefs over others or religion over non-religion. The Free Exercise Clause complements the Establishment Clause by prohibiting the government from regulating religious beliefs and practices.
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