To determine the correct chemical equation that shows the relationship between ADP (Adenosine Diphosphate) and ATP (Adenosine Triphosphate), we need to understand the biochemical process of phosphorylation and dephosphorylation.
1. Understanding ADP and ATP:
- ADP (Adenosine Diphosphate): A molecule that consists of adenosine and two phosphate groups.
- ATP (Adenosine Triphosphate): A molecule that consists of adenosine and three phosphate groups.
2. Phosphorylation: This is the process of adding a phosphate group to a molecule. In this case, adding a phosphate group to ADP (Adenosine Diphosphate) to form ATP (Adenosine Triphosphate). The general chemical reaction for phosphorylation is:
[tex]\[
ADP + P \rightarrow ATP
\][/tex]
Here, [tex]\("P"\)[/tex] represents an inorganic phosphate group.
3. Analyzing the options:
- Option A: [tex]\(ADP + H^+ \rightarrow ATP\)[/tex]
- This equation incorrectly suggests that adding a proton ([tex]\(H^+\)[/tex]) to ADP will form ATP. This is not correct as ATP formation requires the addition of a phosphate group, not just a proton.
- Option B: [tex]\(ATP + H^+ \rightarrow ADP\)[/tex]
- This equation suggests that adding a proton to ATP will convert it to ADP, which is incorrect. The conversion of ATP to ADP involves the loss of a phosphate group, not the addition of a proton.
- Option C: [tex]\(ATP + P \rightarrow ADP\)[/tex]
- This equation suggests that adding another phosphate group ([tex]\(P\)[/tex]) to ATP will produce ADP, which is incorrect. In fact, it is the removal of a phosphate group that converts ATP to ADP.
- Option D: [tex]\(ADP + P \rightarrow ATP\)[/tex]
- This equation correctly represents the addition of a phosphate group to ADP to form ATP.
4. Conclusion:
The chemical equation that correctly shows the relationship between ADP and ATP is:
[tex]\[
ADP + P \rightarrow ATP
\][/tex]
Therefore, the correct answer is:
D. [tex]\(ADP + P \rightarrow ATP\)[/tex]
