Students, you are kindly requested to write your answers only in the spaces provided.

Part I: Multiple Choice Questions (1 point each)

1. The statement that correctly describes aridity is:
A. It is a state of balance between limited water resources.
B. Low rainfall is one of the features of aridity.
C. The aridity index is the ratio of P/PET.
D. All of the above.
E. None of the above.

2. The kind of soil that does not belong to arid land environments is:
A. Solonchaks
B. Solonetz
C. Gypsisols
D. All of the above
E. None of the above

3. The statement that describes succulent perennials is:
A. The ability to store water that may be consumed during drought periods.
B. Comprising the majority of plants in the arid zone.
C. Cacti are typical succulent perennials.
D. All of the above.
E. None of the above.

4. The true statement about soil fertility management is:
A. Reducing loss of nutrients from the soil.
B. Reducing nutrients from the soil.
C. Re-use of nutrients.
D. All of the above.
E. None of the above.

5. The wrong statement about Calcisols is:
A. They accommodate secondary accumulation of lime.
B. They are common in their parent materials.
C. Internationally, they are known as desert soil.
D. All of the above.
E. None of the above.

True or False Questions (1 point each)

1. The influence of subtropical anticyclones on rainfall decreases with the presence of cool surfaces.
2. In the Mediterranean climate, the rainy season is only in the winter.
3. Too much sodium in the soil is directly toxic to Na+.
4. Pressure on land for agriculture is too low in arid zones.
5. Agroforestry plays an important part in the extensive land-use system.