To identify the spectator ions in the given reaction, we need to see which ions are present in the same form on both the reactant and product sides of the chemical equation. Spectator ions do not participate in the chemical reaction; they remain unchanged and do not affect the overall change.
The given reaction is:
[tex]\[ H^{+} + CN^{-} + Li^{+} + OH^{-} \rightarrow Li^{+} + CN^{-} + H_2O \][/tex]
We will list all the species on the reactant side and product side:
Reactants:
- [tex]\( H^{+} \)[/tex]
- [tex]\( CN^{-} \)[/tex]
- [tex]\( Li^{+} \)[/tex]
- [tex]\( OH^{-} \)[/tex]
Products:
- [tex]\( Li^{+} \)[/tex]
- [tex]\( CN^{-} \)[/tex]
- [tex]\( H_2O \)[/tex]
Now, let's compare the ions on both sides of the equation:
1. [tex]\( H^{+} \)[/tex]: Present only in the reactants.
2. [tex]\( CN^{-} \)[/tex]: Present in both the reactants and products.
3. [tex]\( Li^{+} \)[/tex]: Present in both the reactants and products.
4. [tex]\( OH^{-} \)[/tex]: Present only in the reactants.
5. [tex]\( H_2O \)[/tex]: Present only in the products.
Ions that are present in both the reactants and the products are spectator ions. From the comparison, we see that:
- [tex]\( CN^{-} \)[/tex] is present on both sides.
- [tex]\( Li^{+} \)[/tex] is present on both sides.
Therefore, the spectator ions in this reaction are:
- [tex]\( CN^{-} \)[/tex]
- [tex]\( Li^{+} \)[/tex]
So, the spectator ions are:
[tex]\[ \boxed{CN^{-}, Li^{+}} \][/tex]
