Welding and casting are common fabrication methods used in engineering to join metal materials.
Welding is a sculptural fabrication process that joins metal materials using heat and solder. Different fuel sources like gas, electricity, and laser can be utilized. Forge welding, an ancient technique used by blacksmiths, is commonly used to join iron and steel pieces together.
Casting is another method that involves pouring molten metal into a mold to create an object's shape and design. It is an additive process that has been used for thousands of years and is often employed for creating complex shapes that are challenging to make by other means.
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