12. Which of the following is true of instinct approaches to motivation?

A. Instinct theorists suggest that a lack of basic biological requirements produces a drive to obtain those requirements.
B. Instinct approaches fail to explain why certain patterns of behavior have appeared in a given species.
C. Instinct approaches state that people try to maintain a steady level of stimulation and activity.
D. Instinct theorists agree on the precise instincts that guide human behavior.



Answer :

Final answer:

Instinct approaches to motivation emphasize species-specific patterns of behavior known as instincts, proposed by William James.


Explanation:

Instinct approaches to motivation suggest that behavior is driven by species-specific patterns of behavior that are not learned, termed as instincts. William James proposed the instinct theory of motivation, emphasizing that instincts aid in survival and are not learned behaviors. This view received criticism due to the undeniable role of learning in shaping human behavior.


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