Restricting the civil rights of freed blacks, many Southern states adopted laws known as "Black Codes."

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Answer :

Final answer:

Black codes were implemented by Southern states post-Civil War to limit the rights of freed blacks, subjecting them to second-class citizenship.


Explanation:

Black codes were laws passed by Southern states after the Civil War that restricted the civil rights of freed blacks. These codes aimed to relegate former slaves to second-class citizenship, denied them basic rights, such as voting, and enforced harsh penalties like vagrancy laws.


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