Final answer:
Philosophy is the discipline that seeks to make coherent sense of the world through examining fundamental questions and concepts.
Explanation:
Philosophy is a discipline that aims to make coherent sense of the world by examining fundamental questions and concepts. It encompasses a diverse range of origins and perspectives, as seen through various historical conceptions of philosophy.
Windelband's chronological overview of philosophy highlights its evolution from early Grecian systematic investigation to modern critical analysis of human knowledge and cognitive processes.
Unification and duality are central to philosophical thinking, emphasizing the interconnectedness and common elements found in all observable phenomena.
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