Given that an atom X has an atomic number of 19 and a relative atomic mass of 39:

i) How many electrons, protons, and neutrons are present in atom X?

ii) How many electrons are likely in the outer energy level (shell) of atom X?

iii) Suggest a symbol for the ion that would be formed from atom X upon ionization.

iv) To which group of the periodic table can atom X be expected to belong?

v) Write the electron configuration of atom X using both the mathematical and quantum mechanics approaches.

This answer provides detailed information on the protons, neutrons, electrons, valence electrons, ion symbol, periodic table group, and electron configuration of atom X.

Explanation:

Protons: 19
Neutrons: 20
Electrons: 19

Valence electrons are the outermost electrons. In atom X with 19 electrons, the outer energy level likely has 1 electron.

Upon ionization, atom X would form an ion with a +1 charge, so the ion symbol would be X+.

Atom X, with atomic number 19, belongs to Group 1 of the periodic table known as the alkali metals.

Electron configuration using the mathematical approach: 1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p6 4s1 and quantum mechanics approach: [Ne] 3s2 3p6

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