Answered

Classify the following sets into empty set, finite set, and infinite set. For finite sets, mention the cardinal number.

(a) [tex]Z =[/tex] The set of prime numbers from 2 to 11

(b) [tex]P = \{x: x[/tex] is an even prime number [tex]\}[/tex]

(c) [tex]Q = \{ x : x[/tex] is a quadrilateral having 5 sides [tex]\}[/tex]

(d) [tex]R = \{ x: x \in \mathbb{I}, -5 \ \textless \ x \ \textless \ 2 \}[/tex]

(e) [tex]V = \{ x: x[/tex] is a 2-digit number such that the sum of digits is 6 [tex]\}[/tex]



Answer :

To classify the given sets into empty sets, finite sets, and infinite sets, and mention the cardinal number for finite sets, we will analyze each set one by one:

(a) [tex]\( Z = \{ \text{prime numbers from 2 to 11} \} \)[/tex]:
- To determine the set [tex]\( Z \)[/tex], let's list the prime numbers between 2 and 11:
- Prime numbers in this range are: 2, 3, 5, 7, and 11.
- Therefore, the set [tex]\( Z = \{ 2, 3, 5, 7, 11 \} \)[/tex].
- This set is finite since it contains a specific list of numbers.
- The cardinal number (the number of elements) of set [tex]\( Z \)[/tex] is 5.

Hence, [tex]\( Z \)[/tex] is a finite set with a cardinal number of 5.

(b) [tex]\( P = \{ x \mid x \text{ is an even prime number} \} \)[/tex]:
- Checking for even prime numbers:
- The only even prime number is 2.
- Therefore, the set [tex]\( P = \{ 2 \} \)[/tex].
- This set is finite since it contains a specific list of numbers.
- The cardinal number of set [tex]\( P \)[/tex] is 1.

Hence, [tex]\( P \)[/tex] is a finite set with a cardinal number of 1.

(c) [tex]\( Q = \{ x \mid x \text{ is a quadrilateral having 5 sides} \} \)[/tex]:
- By definition, a quadrilateral is a polygon with exactly 4 sides.
- There cannot be a quadrilateral with 5 sides.
- Therefore, the set [tex]\( Q \)[/tex] has no elements.

Hence, [tex]\( Q \)[/tex] is an empty set.

(d) [tex]\( R = \{ x \mid x \in \mathbb{I}, -5 < x < 2 \} \)[/tex]:
- The set [tex]\( \mathbb{I} \)[/tex] refers to integers, and we need integers in the range [tex]\( -5 < x < 2 \)[/tex]:
- The integers between -5 and 2 are: -4, -3, -2, -1, 0, and 1.
- Therefore, the set [tex]\( R = \{ -4, -3, -2, -1, 0, 1 \} \)[/tex].
- This set is finite since it contains a specific list of numbers.
- The cardinal number of set [tex]\( R \)[/tex] is 6.

Hence, [tex]\( R \)[/tex] is a finite set with a cardinal number of 6.

(e) [tex]\( V = \{ x \mid x \text{ is a 2-digit number such that the sum of digits is 6} \} \)[/tex]:
- To find [tex]\( x \)[/tex], let's consider two-digit numbers where the sum of digits is 6:
- Examples include: 15 (1+5), 24 (2+4), 33 (3+3), 42 (4+2), 51 (5+1), 60 (6+0).
- Therefore, the set [tex]\( V = \{ 15, 24, 33, 42, 51, 60 \} \)[/tex].
- This set is finite since it contains a specific list of numbers.
- The cardinal number of set [tex]\( V \)[/tex] is 6.

Hence, [tex]\( V \)[/tex] is a finite set with a cardinal number of 6.

In summary:

- [tex]\( Z \)[/tex] is a finite set with a cardinal number of 5.
- [tex]\( P \)[/tex] is a finite set with a cardinal number of 1.
- [tex]\( Q \)[/tex] is an empty set.
- [tex]\( R \)[/tex] is a finite set with a cardinal number of 6.
- [tex]\( V \)[/tex] is a finite set with a cardinal number of 6.

Step-by-step explanation:

(a) Z = The set of prime numbers from 2 to 11

   ans: {2,3,5,7,11}

         finite set

(b) P = {x: x is an even prime number}

    ans: {2}

         finite set

(c) Q = { x : x is a quadrilateral having 5 sides}

     ans:  null set

          empty set

(d) R = { x: x belongs to I -5< x < 2}

       ans: empty set

(e) V = { x: x is a 2-digit number such that the sum of digits is 6 }

     ans: {15, 24 ,33, 42, 51, 60}

             finite set