Final answer:
Habitat loss, introduction of exotic species, and overharvesting are significant causes of extinction.
Explanation:
Habitat loss: Agriculture, forestry, mining, and urbanization have disturbed over half of Earth's vegetated land, leading to species disappearance and biodiversity decline.
Introduction of exotic species: Exotic species have caused extinctions, especially damaging to islands and lakes, due to increasing global trade and transportation.
Overharvesting: Overexploitation threatens various species and ecosystems, with practices like clear-cutting forests and intensive agriculture reducing diversity.
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