Final answer:
The Renaissance made major contributions through translated texts, the rise of the middle class, and changes in governance and religious authority.
Explanation:
The major contributions of the Renaissance encompassed various aspects:
- Translated new texts: The Renaissance saw a revival of classical Greek and Roman literature which led to the translation and dissemination of texts, fueling intellectual growth.
- Rising middle class challenged medieval social structure: The emergence of a middle class with economic power and social mobility reshaped societal norms and power structures.
- Italian city-states, Catholic Church, and centralized nations: The Renaissance brought about changes in governance, art, and religious authority, leading to significant cultural and political shifts.
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