Final answer:
Phosphoric acid, when dissolved in water, forms conjugate bases such as hydrogen phosphate ion and phosphate ion, making it an effective buffer system.
Explanation:
When phosphoric acid is dissolved in water, it forms conjugate bases through losing protons. The conjugate acid that is formed from phosphoric acid is hydrogen phosphate ion (H₂PO₄), dihydrogen phosphate ion (HPO₄²⁻), and phosphate ion (PO₄³⁻). These conjugate bases can act as buffers due to the multiple dissociation constants of phosphoric acid.
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