Final answer:
Microevolution involves allele frequency changes in populations, while macroevolution leads to new species emergence. Pesticide resistance in beetles and moth population divergence illustrate these concepts.
Explanation:
Microevolution refers to changes in allele frequencies within breeding populations, while macroevolution involves the emergence of new species and relationships between species. For example, the development of pesticide resistance in beetles due to natural selection is a case of microevolution. In contrast, the evolution of distinct moth populations harboring different alleles after environmental changes represents potential macroevolution.
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