Choose the correct statement regarding the extracellular fluid (ECF) and the intracellular fluid (ICF).

Select one:
A. The ICF has an abundance of sodium, potassium, phosphate, and chloride ions.
B. Minor components of the ECF include lymph, CSF, synovial fluid, and the cytosol.
C. Exchange between the ICF and ECF occurs across plasma membranes by osmosis only.
D. The composition of ECF and ICF is the same in males and females.
E. The osmotic concentrations of the ICF and ECF are identical.

Extracellular fluids (ECF) and intracellular fluids (ICF) have different compositions. ICF has higher concentrations of potassium, magnesium, phosphate, and proteins, whereas ECF contains higher concentrations of sodium, chloride, and bicarbonate.

Exchange between ICF and ECF occurs through various mechanisms, not only osmosis, but also through active transport processes like sodium-potassium pumps that maintain the ion concentrations inside and outside cells.

The osmotic concentrations of ICF and ECF are not identical; they have different electrolyte compositions critical for various body functions such as water balance and nerve/muscle function.

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