To determine the correct balanced chemical equation for the reaction between sulfuric acid (H[tex]\(_2\)[/tex]SO[tex]\(_4\)[/tex]) and sodium hydroxide (NaOH) with all products and reactants in the aqueous or liquid phase, let's review each of the provided options.
1. [tex]\( \text{HCl (aq)} + \text{NaOH (aq)} \rightarrow \text{NaCl (s)} + \text{H}_2\text{O (l)} \)[/tex]
While this is a valid reaction between hydrochloric acid and sodium hydroxide, it does not involve sulfuric acid.
2. [tex]\( \text{H}_2\text{SO}_4\text{(aq)} + \text{Ca(OH)}_2\text{(aq)} \rightarrow \text{CaSO}_4\text{(aq)} + 2 \text{H}_2\text{O (l)} \)[/tex]
This reaction involves sulfuric acid but reacts with calcium hydroxide, not sodium hydroxide (NaOH).
3. [tex]\( \text{H}_2\text{SO}_4\text{(aq)} + 2 \text{NaOH (aq)} \rightarrow \text{Na}_2\text{SO}_4\text{(aq)} + 2 \text{H}_2\text{O (l)} \)[/tex]
This is the correct equation involving sulfuric acid and sodium hydroxide. The products are sodium sulfate (Na[tex]\(_2\)[/tex]SO[tex]\(_4\)[/tex]) in aqueous form and water in liquid form.
4. [tex]\( 2 \text{H}_3\text{PO}_4\text{(aq)} + 3 \text{Ca(OH)}_2\text{(aq)} \rightarrow \text{Ca}_3(\text{PO}_4)_2\text{(s)} + 6 \text{H}_2\text{O (l)} \)[/tex]
This reaction involves phosphoric acid and calcium hydroxide, not sulfuric acid and sodium hydroxide.
Therefore, the correct formula equation for the reaction between sulfuric acid and sodium hydroxide with all products and reactants in the aqueous or liquid phase is:
[tex]\[ \text{H}_2\text{SO}_4\text{(aq)} + 2 \text{NaOH (aq)} \rightarrow \text{Na}_2\text{SO}_4\text{(aq)} + 2 \text{H}_2\text{O (l)} \][/tex]
This equation indicates that sulfuric acid reacts with sodium hydroxide to produce sodium sulfate in aqueous solution and water in liquid form.
