The pineal gland produces melatonin influenced by light levels, impacting biological rhythms and reproductive functions.
The pineal gland produces melatonin, which is affected by the photoperiod. Collaterals from the visual pathways innervate the pineal gland, influencing the production of melatonin. Melatonin plays a role in biological rhythms such as the sleep-wake cycle and is involved in regulating the timing of reproductive functions.
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