Final answer:
The most important achievement of the Islamic Golden Age was the focus on learning and scholarship, leading to advancements in various fields and cultural exchange.
Explanation:
The most important development or achievement of the Islamic Golden Age was the emphasis on learning and scholarship by the Abbasid caliphs. They promoted advancements in various fields such as astronomy, metallurgy, and medicine, translating and preserving works in Arabic.
This era saw significant cultural exchange as scholars translated scientific and philosophical works from Persian, Hindi, Chinese, and Greek into Arabic at institutions like the Bayt al-Hikmah, the House of Wisdom in Baghdad.
The synthesis of Arab and Persian culture, combined with a tradition of fair rulership, contributed to the prosperity and advancements during this exceptional period in Islamic history.
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