Final answer:
During the industrial revolution, powerful companies exerted control over workers' lives through mechanisms like long working hours, low wages, and restrictions on unionization.
Explanation:
Powerful companies controlled the lives of workers during the industrial revolution through various means such as long working hours, low wages, restrictions on unionization, and harsh working conditions. They utilized methods like mechanization, deskilling of workers, and control over the labor process to maximize profits while exploiting their workforce.
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