Osmosis involves the movement of water across a semipermeable membrane based on concentration gradients, while diffusion is the movement of substances from high to low concentration. Osmosis specifically transports water across membranes, whereas diffusion transports various materials.
Osmosis is a special case of diffusion where water moves across a semipermeable membrane according to the concentration gradient of water across the membrane, which is inversely proportional to the concentration of solutes.
Diffusion, on the other hand, involves the movement of substances from an area of high concentration to low concentration without the need for a semipermeable membrane.
One key difference is that while osmosis specifically transports only water across a membrane, diffusion transports various materials across membranes and within cells.
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