Final answer:
Hypocapnia is low CO2 levels causing alkaline blood, while hypercapnia is high CO2 levels from respiratory impairments. Respiratory alkalosis results from low CO2 levels causing overly alkaline blood.
Explanation:
Hypocapnia refers to abnormally low blood levels of CO2, leading to a condition where blood is overly alkaline. This can occur due to hyperventilation caused by factors such as fever, elevated room temperatures, or salicylate toxicity.
In contrast, hypercapnia is the presence of abnormally elevated blood levels of CO2, often resulting from impaired respiratory functions such as pneumonia or congestive heart failure.
Respiratory alkalosis occurs when there's a deficiency of carbonic acid and CO₂ levels, leading to overly alkaline blood, which can be triggered by factors like hyperventilation due to fear, fever, or infections.
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