\begin{tabular}{|c|c|c|c|c|}
\hline
Scenario & \begin{tabular}{c}
Independent \\
Variable
\end{tabular} & \begin{tabular}{c}
Dependent \\
Variable
\end{tabular} & \begin{tabular}{c}
Experimental \\
Group
\end{tabular} & \begin{tabular}{c}
Control \\
Group
\end{tabular} \\
\hline
\begin{tabular}{l}
A company wants to test a new dog food that \\
is supposed to help overweight dogs lose \\
weight. 50 dogs are chosen to get the new \\
food, and 50 more continue their normal diets. \\
After one month, the dogs are checked to \\
see if they lost any weight.
\end{tabular} & \begin{tabular}{c} New \\ dog food \end{tabular} & \begin{tabular}{c} Weight \\ loss \end{tabular} & \begin{tabular}{c} 50 dogs \\ on new \\ food \end{tabular} & \begin{tabular}{c} 50 dogs \\ on normal \\ diet \end{tabular} \\
\hline
\begin{tabular}{l}
A new sunscreen has been developed that is \\
supposed to be more effective at preventing \\
sunburn. 30 participants spray one arm with \\
the new formula, and spray the other arm \\
with the leading formula. After 4 hours in the \\
sun, their skin is evaluated for any redness.
\end{tabular} & \begin{tabular}{c} New \\ sunscreen \end{tabular} & \begin{tabular}{c} Skin \\ redness \end{tabular} & \begin{tabular}{c} Arms \\ with \\ new \\ formula \end{tabular} & \begin{tabular}{c} Arms \\ with \\ leading \\ formula \end{tabular} \\
\hline
\begin{tabular}{l}
A student wants to study the effect of sunlight \\
on plant growth. In his experiment, 12 plants \\
receive normal amounts of sunlight, but half of \\
them are kept under bright sun lamps all night \\
long. After 6 weeks, the plants' heights are \\
measured.
\end{tabular} & \begin{tabular}{c} Amount \\ of sunlight \end{tabular} & \begin{tabular}{c} Plant \\ height \end{tabular} & \begin{tabular}{c} Plants \\ under \\ sun lamps \end{tabular} & \begin{tabular}{c} Plants \\ with \\ normal \\ sunlight \end{tabular} \\
\hline
\end{tabular}