Let's analyze and solve the questions step by step.
### Reaction (1): [tex]\( \text{Li} (g) + e^{-} \rightarrow \text{Li}^{-} (g) \)[/tex]
1. Does the reaction absorb or release energy?
The data provided includes the electron affinity for lithium, which is the energy released when an electron is added to a neutral atom in the gas phase. For lithium, the electron affinity is [tex]\( 59.6 \, \text{kJ/mol} \)[/tex].
Therefore, the reaction [tex]\( \text{Li} (g) + e^{-} \rightarrow \text{Li}^{-} (g) \)[/tex] releases energy.
2. Is it possible to calculate the amount of energy absorbed or released by reaction (1) using only the data above?
Yes, since we have the electron affinity value.
3. Amount of energy released:
The amount of energy released by reaction (1) is [tex]\( 59.6 \, \text{kJ/mol} \)[/tex].
So, for reaction (1), we have:
- Does the reaction absorb or release energy? Release
- Is it possible to calculate the energy? Yes
- Amount of energy released: [tex]\( 59.6 \, \text{kJ/mol} \)[/tex]
### Reaction (2): [tex]\( \text{Li}^{+} (g) + e^{-} \rightarrow \text{Li} (g) \)[/tex]
1. Does the reaction absorb or release energy?
The data includes the ionization energy for lithium, which is the energy required to remove an electron from a neutral atom in the gas phase. Conversely, gaining an electron to convert [tex]\(\text{Li}^{+}\)[/tex] to [tex]\(\text{Li}\)[/tex] absorbs the same amount of energy. The ionization energy for lithium is [tex]\( 520.2 \, \text{kJ/mol} \)[/tex].
Therefore, the reaction [tex]\( \text{Li}^{+} (g) + e^{-} \rightarrow \text{Li} (g) \)[/tex] absorbs energy.
2. Is it possible to calculate the amount of energy absorbed or released by reaction (2) using only the data above?
Yes, since we have the ionization energy value.
3. Amount of energy absorbed:
The amount of energy absorbed by reaction (2) is [tex]\( 520.2 \, \text{kJ/mol} \)[/tex].
So, for reaction (2), we have:
- Does the reaction absorb or release energy? Absorb
- Is it possible to calculate the energy? Yes
- Amount of energy absorbed: [tex]\( 520.2 \, \text{kJ/mol} \)[/tex]
### Summary of Answers:
1. Does reaction (1) absorb or release energy?
- Release
2. Is it possible to calculate the energy for reaction (1)?
- Yes
3. Energy released in reaction (1):
[tex]\( 59.6 \, \text{kJ/mol} \)[/tex]
4. Does reaction (2) absorb or release energy?
- Absorb
5. Is it possible to calculate the energy for reaction (2)?
- Yes
6. Energy absorbed in reaction (2):
[tex]\( 520.2 \, \text{kJ/mol} \)[/tex]
