### Part 1: Name two elements that have the same properties as potassium (K).
To determine which elements have the same properties as potassium (K), we need to identify elements that belong to the same group (vertical column) in the periodic table. Elements in the same group have similar chemical properties because they have the same number of valence electrons.
Potassium (K) belongs to Group 1 of the periodic table, which is known as the alkali metals group. The elements in Group 1 include:
- Sodium (Na)
- Potassium (K)
- Rubidium (Rb)
Therefore, two elements that have the same properties as potassium (K) are:
- Sodium (Na)
- Rubidium (Rb)
### Part 2: Determine the number of protons, electrons, and neutrons present in an atom of magnesium (Mg).
To find the number of protons, electrons, and neutrons in an atom of magnesium (Mg), we use the information provided in the periodic table.
1. Number of protons:
- The atomic number of magnesium (Mg) is 12. The atomic number represents the number of protons in the nucleus of the atom.
- Therefore, the number of protons in an atom of magnesium is 12.
2. Number of electrons:
- In a neutral atom, the number of electrons is equal to the number of protons because the positive charge of the protons is balanced by the negative charge of the electrons.
- Therefore, the number of electrons in a neutral atom of magnesium is also 12.
3. Number of neutrons:
- The atomic mass of magnesium (Mg) is approximately 24.305. To find the number of neutrons, we round the atomic mass to the nearest whole number, which is 24.
- The number of neutrons is calculated by subtracting the atomic number from the rounded atomic mass:
[tex]\[
\text{Number of neutrons} = \text{Rounded atomic mass} - \text{Atomic number}
\][/tex]
[tex]\[
\text{Number of neutrons} = 24 - 12 = 12
\][/tex]
- Therefore, the number of neutrons in an atom of magnesium is 12.
In summary, an atom of magnesium (Mg) has:
- 12 protons
- 12 electrons
- 12 neutrons
