To determine the number of isomers that hexane ([tex]\( C_6H_{14} \)[/tex]) has, we need to consider the different structural arrangements of the carbon atoms in hexane. Isomers are compounds that have the same molecular formula but different structural arrangements. For hexane ([tex]\( C_6H_{14} \)[/tex]), the total number of isomers is:
1. n-Hexane: This is the straight-chain arrangement of six carbon atoms.
2. 2-Methylpentane (Isohexane): This is an arrangement where a methyl group (CH₃) is attached to the second carbon of a straight five-carbon chain (pentane).
3. 3-Methylpentane: This is similar to 2-Methylpentane but the methyl group is attached to the third carbon instead.
4. 2,2-Dimethylbutane: This is an arrangement where two methyl groups are attached to the second carbon of a four-carbon chain (butane).
5. 2,3-Dimethylbutane: This is an arrangement where a methyl group is attached to the second carbon and another methyl group is attached to the third carbon of butane.
Thus, hexane has five distinct structural isomers.
Therefore, the number of isomers of hexane ([tex]\( C_6H_{14} \)[/tex]) is five.
