Astrocytes play a vital role in guiding the formation of synapses between newly developed neurons, providing physical support, regulating neuronal function, and aiding in synaptic transmission.
Astrocytes are the cells most responsible for guiding the formation of synapses between newly developed neurons. These star-shaped glial cells have processes that encircle synapses, allowing them to provide physical support and actively regulate neuronal function and communication.
Astrocytes play crucial roles in supporting neuronal connections by removing neurotransmitters from synapses, regulating ion levels in the extracellular space, and aiding in the 'resetting' of synapses after synaptic transmission.
They have the capability to contact a large number of synapses, up to 2 million per human astrocyte, highlighting their significance in the formation and functioning of neural networks.
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