Final answer:
Carbohydrates, lipids, proteins, and nucleic acids are the four major classes of biological macromolecules with distinct structures and functions.
Explanation:
Carbohydrates: These macromolecules consist of sugar monomers and are used for energy storage and structure support in cells.
Lipids: Lipids are hydrophobic molecules that include fats, phospholipids, and steroids, serving as energy storage, insulation, and cell membrane components.
Proteins: Proteins are vital for various cell functions, such as enzymes for metabolism, structural support, and transport functions.
Nucleic Acids: These macromolecules, like DNA and RNA, encode genetic information, regulating cellular activities and passing on hereditary traits.
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