The question asks which chemical equation correctly shows the relationship between ADP (Adenosine Diphosphate) and ATP (Adenosine Triphosphate).
To answer this, it's important to understand the basic biochemical process involved in the conversion between ADP and ATP. ATP is considered the energy currency of the cell, and it is created through the addition of a phosphate group to ADP. This process is often referred to as phosphorylation.
1. Option A: [tex]$ATP + H^{+} \rightarrow ADP$[/tex]
- This equation suggests that ATP reacts with a proton (H+) to form ADP. This is not correct because it depicts the breakdown of ATP rather than its formation.
2. Option B: [tex]$ADP + P \rightarrow ATP$[/tex]
- This equation correctly shows the formation of ATP from ADP by the addition of a phosphate group (P). This process involves the synthesis of ATP, which occurs through the phosphorylation of ADP.
3. Option C: [tex]$ATP + P \rightarrow ADP$[/tex]
- This equation incorrectly suggests that ATP, when combined with another phosphate group, would form ADP. This is not consistent with the actual biochemical process, as it describes an impossible formation involving a surplus phosphate that leads to a breakdown into ADP.
4. Option D: [tex]$ADP + H^{+} \rightarrow ATP$[/tex]
- This equation shows ADP reacting with a proton to form ATP. While protons are involved in the overall process of ATP synthesis (such as through chemiosmosis in cellular respiration), this equation doesn’t accurately represent the direct biochemical reaction.
Given the correct understanding of the biochemical processes, the equation that accurately represents the synthesis of ATP from ADP is:
Option B: [tex]$ADP + P \rightarrow ATP$[/tex]
So, the correct answer is option:
2. B ([tex]$ADP + P \rightarrow ATP$[/tex])
