Deep processing and shallow processing are two main types of encoding in memory, with semantic processing showing the best memory retention for verbal information.
Deep processing and shallow processing are two main types of encoding proposed by Craik and Lockhart in 1972. Deep processing involves processing information more meaningfully, such as focusing on the meaning of words, leading to better memory retention. In contrast, shallow processing involves focusing on superficial characteristics like appearance or sound.
In the study by Craik and Tulving (1975), semantic processing, which involves thinking about the meaning of words, was found to result in the best memory retention for verbal information. This highlights the significance of processing information deeply for better memory recall.
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