Mahesh sells an article to David at profit of 8% David sells it to Mukesh at a loss of 5% if Mahesh paid 51700 how much did it cost to Mahesh

If Mahesh makes 8% of the cost as profit and they paid 51700, then that means David bought it at x1.08 the price that Mahesh paid for. You can then say that David bought it for 1.08*51700=55836. So David bought it for $55836. If David sold to Mukesh at a loss of 5% of the price, that means Mukesh bought it for x0.95 the price that David bought it for. You can set up the equation of .95*55836 to get how much Mukesh paid for it. You end up with $53044.20, which is how much Mukesh paid for it.

SIDE NOTE:

Though it is asking the cost for Mahesh, I'm assuming they meant to type Mukesh there as otherwise the answer would be in the problem.

Mahesh sells an article to David at profit of 8% David sells it to Mukesh at a loss of 5% if Mahesh paid 51700 how much did it cost to Mahesh ​

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Mahesh sells an article to David at profit of 8% David sells it to Mukesh at a loss of 5% if Mahesh paid 51700 how much did it cost to Mahesh